The United States has attacked military targets in Iran on Jun. 26, after Iranian drones struck a Singapore-flagged container ship in the Strait of Hormuz the day before.

U.S. president Donald Trump called it a "foolish violation" of the ceasefire.

"Powerful response"

The U.S. Central Command (Centcom) said on Jun. 26 that it had struck missile and drone storage facilities as well as coastal radar positions in Iran, reported the BBC.

Centcom described its attacks as a “powerful response”, and claimed that Iran's dangerous behavior “undermined freedom of navigation” as the Strait of Hormuz reopens after several months of closure due to the Iran war.

The attacks come after a Singapore-flagged container ship, the Ever Lovely, was struck by a “one-way attack drone” on Jun. 25 while it was exiting the strait.

Centcom called the drone attack "unwarranted aggression" against commercial shipping, which "clearly violated the ceasefire".

The container ship did not suffer any casualties and was able to complete its transit.

In response, Iran blamed the "treaty-breaking U.S. regime" for its attack, and claimed that the ship had been using an unauthorised route to transit through the waterway.

'Foolish violation'

Speaking to the press on Jun. 26, Trump was elusive about how the U.S. would respond to the attack on the Ever Lovely.

He did not respond to questions about whether he considered the ongoing ceasefire to be still intact.

Earlier on social media, he described the attack "on the large and very expensive cargo-carrying ship", the Ever Lovely, as a "foolish violation", and that the U.S. had intercepted three other drones in what he said was a coordinated attack.

When asked about the U.S.' response prior to the retaliatory strikes being announced, he simply said, "You'll find out," and that “I didn't like the fact that they took a shot yesterday.”

U.S. vice president J.D. Vance posted on social media, saying that if Iran has “disagreements about how the MOU is being applied, they can pick up the phone", but that violence would be met with violence.

In response to the attack on the Ever Lovely, the United Nations International Maritime Organization paused an evacuation program targeted at over 11,000 sailors stranded in the Strait of Hormuz.

Reckless violation

Following the attack, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps said that it had struck the "terrorist U.S. military" in response to a projectile attack in southern Iran.

"The United States, by provoking various fronts, sought to violate [the ceasefire agreement], and the necessary response was given and will continue to be given," they said.

The head of the Iranian Parliament's National Security Commission, Ibrahim Azizi, added in an X post that Iran governs the strait and that ships should "respect the rules".

“This reckless violation of the ceasefire will, as always, lead to retreat and regret on their part,” he said.

Azizi had earlier posted on X, claiming that the Strait of Hormuz is governed by Iran.

This is in contrast to traditional understandings of the Strait of Hormuz, which sees the strait as an international waterway.

He also denied that the drone attack was a violation of the ceasefire, instead calling it "cease-fire management".

Peace deal?

The U.S. and Iran signed a 14-point Memorandum of Understanding on Jun. 17, with the two countries currently in negotiations for a final peace deal.

In the MOU, Iran had committed to the safe passage of ships transiting the Strait of Hormuz, although it also signaled that it intends to exercise more direct control over the waterway.

The Iran-run Persian Gulf Strait Authority (PGSA) had previously issued new designated routes through the strait that differed from the pre-war transit passage regime.

It also warned that ships transiting the strait outside of those routes, as the Ever Lovely had been on Jun. 25, were not covered by promises of safe passage.

Appeals for information about the whereabouts of missing people in Singapore appear now and then.

You would likely have stumbled across such appeals.

Sometimes those who were reported missing are young people.

Two teenage girls, Bella, 13, and Nicole, 14, (not their real names), found themselves the subject of a missing persons appeal some time in 2026.

Speaking to Mothership, on hindsight, they admitted that their experience was the result of an act of “haste” and “rebellion”.

They are aware that some missing cases do actually end up in tragedy.

“It’s stupid,” one of them said when she recalled their experiences that happened not long ago.

According to a parliamentary reply by Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs, K Shanmugam, there were around 1,300 missing persons reported annually from 2021 to 2025.

Catalyst

So, why did they even choose to run away?

According to the duo, their decision was not a premeditated one, but more spur of the moment.

It all boiled down to an altercation with a schoolmate they had in school.

The girls, who were friends, were called for a mediation session.

They were apparently asked about how they could have reacted to the incident.

Bella recalled her response.

She said: “We could hypothetically run away.”

Somewhere along the line during mediation, an intended joke became the catalyst for a search for them that would last more than 24 hours.

Runaway

In that moment when they ran away, they felt a sense of euphoria.

But the consequences of their actions also lurked in the pair’s mind.

“We both know that our parents would be so pissed if they found out we escaped from school,” Bella said.

Back home, their families were the complete opposite of euphoric when they wondered why the pair had not come home that day.

“My mother was mostly the more worried one, and she was consistently contacting her friends, my sister's friends, and the school on my sister's whereabouts,” Nicole’s brother said about his younger sister's sudden absence.

Nicole’s parents, who were present when the pair spoke to Mothership, declined to comment on the incident.

However, one could immediately tell that Nicole’s mother truly cared for her children through her demeanour.

Experiences

Regarding their experience of being on the run, the pair had differing perspectives.

Bella described disappearing as “interesting” and “adventurous”, while Nicole's experience was the antithesis of that.

“It was mostly quite boring, cause like we had nothing to do,” Nicole said.

During their disappearance, they apparently walked and cycled all around Singapore, exploring different places.

However, as time went on, they started to experience the downsides of being on the run.

“We had limited money. We couldn't contact anyone, cause her (Nicole) phone died also during the runaway,” Bella recalled.

She also shared a story about wanting to buy some ice, but Nicole stopped her as they wanted to conserve funds.

Nicole asked: “With what money?”

They added that they smelled and were slowly getting tired as time progressed.

Unexpected

When asked about their reactions towards the media covering the police’s appeal for information on their whereabouts, they recalled being shocked.

While Nicole did expect it to eventually happen, the pair did not expect the word to travel that fast.

“I only expected a few close people to know about it,” Nicole admitted.

The girls also joked about how they were surprised that they were not found when they were still on the run.

Found

At some point, the pair decided that it was enough.

They wanted to return home.

However, they did not dare to show up back home out of fear of being reprimanded.

Instead, they wanted to be found.

The pair decided to loiter at a park.

They apparently knew that police officers would patrol that area from about 12am to 1am.

Bella and Nicole were eventually recognised by the members of the public, and the pair were rounded up by police officers.

Nicole’s brother was also present at the time.

“There were already quite a lot of police over there, so all I could do was just wave to her while she was talking to the police,” he said. “I was quite thankful that she was found.”

Bella and Nicole also described what happened when the police officers found them.

They were apparently patted down and searched.

They claimed the officers were purportedly "very calm" and patient when they interacted with them.

Reunited

Some two to three hours after they were found, the girls were eventually reunited with their family.

“I can finally shower, not worry about money too much, I can eat whatever I want to eat, I can drink water, I can sleep,” Bella said when listing the small perks of not being on the run.

While both of them were reprimanded by their parents and received a bit of unwanted attention, they did agree that it was a relief to be under their families’ care.

Stupid

When reflecting on their decision to run, they simply put it down to being “stupid”.

Both girls answered with a resounding “no’ when asked if they would run away again.

“You're just wasting your parents' time. Eventually you get found anyway,” Bella said.

While they came to a consensus that their decision to run away was not the wisest, they did admit that it deepened their friendship.

After all, they both endured the circumstances of being out and about together.

But the cons outweighed the pros for them.

“Do stupid things, get stupid consequences,” they concluded.

Ten people were injured in a strong earthquake near Mount Fuji on Jun. 26, Japanese authorities said.

5.6 magnitude

The quake, which had a preliminary magnitude of 5.6, struck central Japan at around 10:28pm and shook the central and eastern regions, including the Tokyo metropolitan area.

It also triggered at least one landslide, damaged buildings, and caused electricity and water outages in affected areas.

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported the injuries on Jun. 27, describing them as minor, according to Kyodo News.

Its epicentre was in Fujikawaguchiko, Yamanashi Prefecture, at a depth of around 20 kilometres.

Strongest shaking in Yamanashi since 1924

The quake registered lower 6 on Japan's seismic intensity scale of 7 in parts of Yamanashi — the strongest shaking recorded in the prefecture since 1924, the JMA said.

Parts of the Tokyo metropolitan area registered an intensity of 4.

An official with the town office in Fujikawaguchiko described the jolt as "like an upward-thrusting earthquake", reported Kyodo News.

No tsunami warning was issued, and the JMA also found no abnormality in volcanic activity at Mount Fuji.

Takuya Nishimura, a professor at the Disaster Prevention Institute of Kyoto University added:

"It is unlikely to cause Mt. Fuji to erupt considering the mechanism of the quake, which occurred near the boundary between tectonic plates."

The earthquake came a day after another powerful quake struck north-eastern Japan.

Disruptions

Tokaido Shinkansen bullet train services were suspended immediately after the quake between Tokyo and Shizuoka stations, operator JR Central said.

They resumed in the early hours of Jun. 27, with around 22,000 passengers affected.

No abnormalities were found at nuclear power facilities, including Chubu Electric Power's Hamaoka plant, reported NHK.

Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi has since set up a task force, and instructed officials to gather information and keep the public promptly informed.

A total of 380 offences involving illegal vehicle modifications were spotted islandwide in Singapore.

In a Facebook post on Jun. 26, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) said the violations spotted were part of islandwide enforcement operations.

A toal of 70 vehicles were fitted with illegal exhausts, 80 vehicles were caught with improper lights, and 90 vehicles displayed improper number plates, including those with incorrect sizing or which were not prominently displayed at the front and back of the vehicle.

In the post, a motorcycle was seen fitted with an illegal exhaust and an improperly sized number plate.

Here's another motorcycle which was fitted with improperly sized number plates.

A BMW was seen fitted with a laser-engraved number plate.

Laser engravings affect the plate's visibility, LTA noted.

The offence of illegal modifications carries a fine of up to S$20,000, two years’ jail, or both.

The offence of placing improper number plates carries a fine of up to S$1,000, three months’ jail, or both.

Repeat offenders face double the penalties for both offences.

The Singapore police have arrested a 41-year-old woman for her suspected involvement in the online sale of counterfeit goods via social media platform TikTok.

On Jun. 25, 2026, officers from the Criminal Investigation Department conducted a raid in the vicinity of Yishun Street 61.

More than 700 purported trademark-infringing goods comprising luxury bags, wallets, watches, sunglasses, apparel, footwear, and accessories were seized during the operation.

The estimated street value of the seized items was more than S$34,000.

Police investigations are ongoing.

Penalties

Under the Trade Marks Act 1998, the offence of possession of goods with falsely applied trademarks for the purpose of trade carries a fine of up to S$100,000, a jail term of up to five years, or both.

The police said they take a serious view of intellectual property rights infringement and would like to remind the public that the distribution and sale of counterfeit goods, including through online platforms, are serious offences.

The police added that they will not hesitate to take tough action against those who profit at the expense of legitimate businesses and consumers.

A 29-year-old Singaporean man was sentenced to four months and three weeks’ jail after using a Swiss Army Knife to slash a man who was drinking with his girlfriend.

Brandon Tan Ming Hui pleaded guilty to a charge of voluntarily causing hurt by using a weapon on Jun. 25.

Girlfriend

On Mar. 15, 2025, Tan attempted to contact his girlfriend and noticed that her attitude was unusual, Shin Min Daily News reported.

Tan’s girlfriend attempted to hang up on him, which reportedly angered him.

At about 7pm that day, he contacted his girlfriend again and learned she was drinking with friends at a bar located at CityLink Mall.

Tan went to the bar and saw his girlfriend drinking at a table with two men.

He was reportedly jealous and confronted them.

Tan reportedly demanded to know if they were aware that he and his girlfriend were in a relationship.

One of the men, a 41-year-old, claimed his girlfriend said she was single.

He then explained that they were having drinks as friends.

Slash

In charge sheets seen by Mothership, at about 8:23pm, Tan used a knife and slashed the man on his "right and left hand shoulder".

Tan then fled the scene.

The 41-year-old was conveyed to the hospital for treatment.

He had numbness in his left index finger and lacerations on both hands.

Genting

According to Shin Min, Tan proceeded to the hotel where his girlfriend stayed and discarded the weapon along the way.

He then packed his luggage and waited for his girlfriend to return to the hotel.

When she arrived, he urged her to pack her belongings, claiming that he was taking her to Genting in Malaysia.

A friend of Tan picked him and his girlfriend up and drove them to Woodlands Checkpoint, where Tan was subsequently arrested.

Knife

Shin Min reported that Tan's lawyers claimed he was a deliveryman and the knife he carried was used to open parcels.

His lawyer also argued that there was no evidence indicating that Tan brought the knife intending to inflict harm.

The knife was discarded as it was apparently old and damaged.

The prosecution argued that the 41-year-old was unarmed at the time of the incident and did not provoke Tan.

A premeditated element to Tan's actions was also alleged, citing that he brought the knife and attempted to remove the two men from the bar to confront them.

The prosecution further cited that Tan not only destroyed evidence by discarding the knife but also attempted to leave Singapore.

After being asked by a friend, a 30-year-old Malaysian man signed up to work in a Cambodian scam call centre operated by a syndicate running impersonation scams.

According to CNA, he was fired by the scam syndicate for poor performance after three days for failing to make any successful scam calls during that period.

He was arrested in Singapore, charged with scam offences and sentenced to 16 months' and two weeks' jail.

Introduced to scam work by a friend

In October 2024, the man, Yip Chee Ming, got to know a friend named "Jason" at a bar in Kuala Lumpur, Shin Min Daily News reported, citing court documents.

"Jason" told Yip about an opportunity to work at a scam call centre in Cambodia.

He told Yip that he wanted to give the work a try, but did not dare do it alone.

Yip agreed to join "Jason".

Both men were later added to a Telegram group chat.

The scam syndicate leader shared with them the terms of the job, claiming that it would pay about US$10,000 (S$12,961) a month.

They were also told that their travels would be covered by the syndicate.

Visited scam compound

Both Yip and "Jason" then travelled to Cambodia and visited the scam compound.

There, Yip got to witness 32 scam call operators work in a soundproof room.

After returning to Malaysia, Yip decided to join the syndicate.

Failed to deliver lines, scam victims

On Nov. 21, he flew to Cambodia and took on the job.

Yip later learned that the monthly pay was actually US$1,800 (S$2,333), along with a one per cent commission on any proceeds from scam victims, Shin Min wrote.

All payments were made in cryptocurrency.

The syndicate leader explained to Yip how the scam worked and pointed out that their main targets were Singaporeans.

Yip was assigned to be a scam call operator and had to impersonate a bank official.

Yip was given a phone, a list of phone numbers of Singaporean victims and a script.

However, Yip could not deliver the lines, despite having memorised the script.

He failed to succeed in any of his scam attempts.

Three days later, he was fired and sent back to Malaysia.

Arrested and jailed

In February 2025, Yip started working as a delivery driver in Singapore and took home about S$2,300 a month.

He was arrested on Sep. 9.

Delivering the sentence, the judge pointed out that Yip returned to Malaysia not because he had a change of heart, but because he was fired, Shin Min reported.

According to CNA, Yip's lawyer cited his cooperation with authorities and the fact that he did not make a "single successful scam call.

It was heard in court that the authorities received 528 cases regarding government official impersonation scams, Shin Min wrote.

The victims ranged from those aged 26 to 84.

About S$11.8 million was scammed from victims aged 65 and above, Shin Min wrote.

The Singapore Police Force and the Cambodian police launched a raid against a scam syndicate running a government impersonation scam on Sep. 9, 2025.

To date, 21 individuals related to the syndicate have been arrested. 31 are still on the run, according to Shin Min.

To kick off the World Cup 2026 festivities in Singapore, Changi Airport Group (CAG) released a film on Jun. 11 featuring local football personalities like coach Gavin Lee and footballers Hariss Harun, Jacob Mahler and Shawal Anuar.

The action-packed film follows the personalities passing the ball across attractions in Changi Airport and Jewel.

You can watch the film here:

View this post on Instagram

 

A post shared by Singapore Changi Airport (SIN) (@changiairport)

On Jun. 25, CAG revealed six Easter eggs that viewers might have missed from the film.

1) A cameo from a familiar voice

At the 0:21 mark, eagle-eyed (or rather, sharp-eared) viewers could have spotted Ravi Maan, a prominent sports presenter from Singapore.

2) A literary Easter egg

Right before Acting Minister for Transport Jeffrey Siow delivered an impressive kick at 0:45, he was actually reading "The Original Daughter", a book written by Singaporean writer and influencer Jemimah Wei.

According to CAG, the author shared that most of the novel was written in Jewel Changi Airport.

3) A nod to the Lions' Asian Cup qualification

At the 0:50 mark, the football match playing on the screen happened to be the match where the Singapore national football team qualified for the 2027 AFC Asian Cup.

The Lions had played against Hong Kong at the Tai Kak Stadium, winning by a score of 2-1.

4) Gavin Lee hits the "6 7" & 5) Some support from the SingaBrigade

If you blinked at 0:53, you might have missed the national team's head coach Gavin Lee doing the internet's favourite brain root moment of the year: The "6 7" hand gesture.

About 20 seconds later, at 1:17, the travellers looking down from the Skytrain are members of SingaBrigade, the national football team's official fan group.

6) Kyoga Nakamura's jersey number cameo

And around 1:32 mark, while travellers were collecting their baggage at baggage belt 46, national footballer Kyoga Nakamura swoops in for a kick.

Coincidentally, the belt number is the same as Nakamura's jersey number at Lion City Sailors.

World Cup matches screening at T3 public area

If this gets you in the mood for the World Cup, you'd be glad to know that there are free match screenings at Terminal 3.

When I officially graduated and signed the contract for my first full-time job, I felt like a fully functioning adult with a glimmer in my eyes.

Then I realised being an adult comes with actual responsibilities like paying bills. A lot of them. Every month. Forever.

This made me a lot more intentional about knowing what I’m paying for and how these things serve me. One of these things being my phone bill.

It was as if the universe heard my adulting woes and had my boss task me to try the gigaFLEX+ plan.

For starters, the plan comes with a massive 800GB of 5G data. Yeah, you read that right.

Can I finish all of that in a month? Unlikely, but now I don’t feel the urge to incessantly check my data usage meter every five minutes. I stream and scroll with total, reckless abandon.

But as someone trying to survive the 9-6 grind, all that data doesn’t matter as much as how seamless it feels.

8am: The underground commute survival test

My day usually starts with the battle for space on the train like all the other morning commuters heading to work.

To cope with the claustrophobia of being packed like sardines with other working adults, I pull out my phone and hop on Instagram for an algorithm of cute animals, cooking videos, and sports highlights.

Anyone who commutes via Singapore’s underground tunnels is familiar with the dreaded buffering circle. There is nothing worse than being left on a cliffhanger right as the train enters a reception black hole between stations.

Fortunately, when I’m deep underground with thousands of other commuters fighting for bandwidth, my videos stream flawlessly in high definition and I do not lose my will to clock in.

9:30am: Weaponising AI at the workplace

Once I reach the office, the real work begins. I spend a lot of my day writing; presentation decks, e-mails, texts (if clients unfortunately have my phone number), summaries, reports – the list goes on.

To stay efficient and impress my boss (who I hope is reading), I utilise various AI tools throughout the day to do all my tasks within office hours. That way I don’t have to OT and she’s also happy with my work. Everyone wins.

Whether I’m summarising long research reports, cleaning up my spreadsheet data because I exaggerated about knowing how to use Excel in my resume, or brainstorming angles for my next pitch deck, AI tools are there for me.

And because the gigaFLEX+ plan knows I need it, it features free gigaAI – their interface where I have unlimited access to the paid versions of practically every AI model I use on the regular. This includes 300 image generations a month too.

Without having to pay through my nose with money I don’t have for ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude subscriptions individually, I get to use them all because they are bundled into my phone bill for free.

Claude’s pro subscription alone would put me S$30 in the hole every month.

Never again do I need to wish I had more tokens for that additional prompt.

1pm: Last-minute travel planning (without the roaming bills)

Lunch break is usually spent with my colleagues, where our favorite topic of conversation is: “Where are you going for your next leave?”

Being in your first job means you finally have your own disposable income.

This means more getaways to nearby Southeast Asian countries for a quick recharge.

While my colleagues discuss temporary overseas eSIMs options, I realise the gigaFLEX+plan’s 800GB of 5G data can be used in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand as part of the local pool. The best part? It can be rolled over every month.

The moment I cross the causeway or touch down in Bangkok, my phone will instantly hook onto the local network.

On top of that, it’s bundled with 12GB of roaming data within Asia and 10GB of roaming data everywhere else in the world, forever.

No switching SIMs or excess charges, and one less thing to budget for.

6:30pm: Unwinding with the ultimate reward

By the time the clock strikes 6pm, my brain is fueled entirely by one thought: I need a treat.

To reward myself for wrapping up a busy day, I make a celebratory pitstop at PlayMade.

And here’s where the gigaFLEX+ plan delivers the sweetest perk of all: a free bubble tea every month.

It’s nice knowing that giga! understands that a sweet drink is exactly what I need every now and then after a long day. After all, it’s a lifestyle perk that goes a long way on top of giving me enough data to practically run a small country.

Is it worth it for Gen Z’s trying to adult?

When you’re navigating your first job, you’re trying to balance your budget while still maximizing your freedom.

Whether you’re looking for a whopping amount of data that you couldn’t possibly burn through in a month, cross-border convenience, free built-in AI support, or a monthly bubble tea treat, you can now get them all with gigaFLEX+ 800GB 5G plan.

For the first 9,999 users, aged 15 to 29, you can enjoy the plan at S$13.90/month for the first 12 months (U.P. S$19.90/month).

Find out more about the gigaFLEX+ plan and sign up via the giga! app or visit giga’s website today.

Writing this branded article made the writer switch his telco to giga!, the telco that understands the adulting struggle.

Cover photo by Mothership.

Should foreign domestic workers in Singapore use condominium facilities?

One of them was apparently barred from doing so in the condominium she resides and works at.

This issue regarding discrimination was surfaced by the Humanitarian Organisation for Migration Economics (HOME), which raised the topic in a Jun. 22, 2026 Instagram post.

Exclusion allowed?

In the post, the non-profit organisation asked its audience if they were aware that domestic workers "can be excluded from using communal facilities in the very condos they live in"?

HOME said an employer had e-mailed them, recounting an incident where their domestic helper, Angie (not her real name), was not allowed to use the condo's gym.

Angie's employer shared that the incident occurred in April 2026.

The domestic worker was allegedly confronted by a cleaner at the condo's gym and told she was not allowed to use the facilities.

The cleaner also called down a member of the condo management to confirm this.

The cleaner and management member then apparently "stood over her as she packed her things".

Left shaken but by-laws state it clearly

Angie was left “shaken and upset”.

Her employer subsequently looked into the condo’s by-laws.

They found that the by-laws explicitly barred domestic workers from using recreational facilities.

One clause read: “Only residents and their guests but not their employees may use the gymnasium/fitness corner.”

Another line added that “member of the family” does not include “guests, servants, or agents of the occupier”.

An occupier was defined as the tenant and members of the occupier’s family.

As spelled out in the by-law, a domestic worker could be referred to as a "servant" of the occupier.

Angie's employer called out the “intimidating conduct” the domestic worker faced, as well as pointed out how the situation was handled.

She noted that "Angie lives at this estate full-time" but is "excluded from facilities that guests — people with no connection to the building — are permitted to use".

The post added: “Angie was shaken and distressed. I found this deeply troubling, both the existence of the rule and the manner of its enforcement. I am bringing this to HOME’s attention because I understand this reflects a broader pattern affecting domestic workers across Singapore’s private estates.”

Condo policies vary

According to HOME, condominium policies vary and are set by condominium owners.

Some estates allow domestic workers to use facilities with conditions, such as only while supervising children, while others prohibit domestic workers from using the facilities altogether.

Some do not have such by-laws or rules.

“A condo can set rules on overcrowding, safety, noise and cleanliness. But banning someone based on their work permit status or occupation is discriminatory,” said HOME.

"Condo by-laws should target behaviour, not people," HOME added.

HOME stated that migrant domestic workers should be treated as a part of Singapore's residential communities, and called for change, by urging residents to review estate rules to support fair access and propose amendments at future meetings.

Not a new topic

This topic of foreign domestic workers being given access to private property facilities is not new.

In 2016, it made international headlines after it was reported that foreign domestic workers were not allowed to use swimming pools in condominiums in Singapore.

The news was met with outrage, as well as some pushback from private property owners, who cited issues of noise and disamenities as counterarguments.

It was also reported at the time that having by-laws did not necessarily mean that they were enforced.